5 Questions About Prostate Cancer

The lifetime risk of prostate cancer among men in the United States is 1 in 7. Prostate cancer is the most frequent nondermatologic cancer in men, with 180,890 estimated new cases diagnosed in 2016 and 26,120 estimated deaths, according to the American Cancer Society.

Question 1:

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The correct answer is: A. Incidence of distant metastasis.A matched retrospective analysis found that use of PORTOS could predict outcome due to radiotherapy. Patients with a high PORTOS who had radiotherapy had a lower incidence of distant metastasis at 10 years compared with those who did not 4% vs 35% (hazard ratio, 0.15; 95% CI 0.04–0.60; P = .0020). These results suggest that patients with a high PORTOS should have postoperative radiotherapy.

Question 2:

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The correct answer is: A. True.The National Cancer Institute (NCI) PDQ cancer information summary about the genetics of prostate cancer states, “A better understanding is needed of the genetic and biologic mechanisms that determine why some prostate carcinomas remain clinically silent, while others cause serious, even life-threatening illness.”

Question 3:

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The correct answer is: B. Older age, African American ancestry, family history of prostate cancer.These are the three most important recognized risk factors for prostate cancer, according to the NCI PDQ cancer information summary about the genetics of prostate cancer.

Question 4:

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The correct answer is: A. Brachytherapy alone.The study found that compared with brachytherapy combined with external-beam radiation, the standard of care, men with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer had good disease control with brachytherapy alone, with fewer late-term toxicities. No differences in 5-year overall survival were observed between the two treatment groups.

Question 5:

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The correct answer is: D. More than 10 cycles. Sensitivity analysis showed that “patients who received more than 10 cycles had a median overall survival (OS) of 33 months compared with 26.9 months in patients treated with 8 to 10 cycles; and patients who received 5 to 7 cycles had a median OS of 22.8 months (P < .001),” the study authors wrote, in a study published in JAMA Oncology. “These findings suggest that continuation of docetaxel chemotherapy contributes to the survival benefit. Prospective validation is warranted.”