Genitourinary Cancers

Adjuvant radiotherapy after prostatectomy resulted in lower rates of biochemical recurrence, distant metastases, and death compared with surveillance followed by early-salvage radiotherapy in patients with high-risk prostate cancer, according to a new study.

Reduced expression of PBRM1 and VHL was correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, according to the results of a recent study. 

The FDA has expanded the label for cabozantinib (Cabometyx) to include first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma regardless of treatment status. Cabozantinib was initially approved in patients who had previously received anti-angiogenic therapy.

Educational strategies including pamphlets and recommendations from family physicians and support from a specialist can improve bone care in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.

A study found familial clustering of urothelial cancers, with increased risk of bladder cancer and others, in first- and second-degree relatives of these patients.

The immune checkpoint inhibitor avelumab showed promising antitumor activity and a manageable toxicity profile in patients with platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma, according to a new analysis.

In this article, we discuss the requirements for development and validation of urine markers and the factors that hamper their clinical implementation. We also review current surveillance guidelines for NMIBC and provide an overview of approved urine markers for the detection and surveillance of NMIBC.

Researchers have discovered that testicular cancer’s responsiveness to conventional chemotherapy is likely determined during prenatal development.

Researchers found that combining palonosetron, aprepitant, and dexamethasone represents an effective and well-tolerated treatment to prevent CINV in testicular cancer patients receiving cisplatin.

A post-hoc analysis found that brain metastases are more frequent in patients with advanced germ cell tumors who have received dose-dense chemotherapy compared with those administered the BEP regimen.

Treatment with crizotinib resulted in objective responses in patients with advanced papillary renal cell carcinoma type 1 with MET mutations or amplification.

In a small phase II study of 12 men with nonseminoma germ cell tumors refractory to cisplatin, pembrolizumab did not demonstrate clinical activity.

Researchers analyzed a large population-based sample of men from Sweden and discovered an association between heavy cannabis use and testicular cancer incidence.

In this interview we discuss results of the HYBRID trial, which tested a hypofractionated regimen of 36 Gy over six fractions in elderly muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients who were ineligible for standard treatments.

Men with Medicaid are more likely to present with metastatic prostate cancer than men presenting with prostate cancer who have private insurance, according to a new study. There are racial disparities in terms of prostate cancer outcomes among those privately insured, but not among Medicaid recipients.

A large proportion of patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for kidney tumors were able to recover to their preoperative renal function, according to the results of a recent study.

An analysis of treatment patterns found that patients with advanced urinary tract cancer who are eligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy fare better when they do receive such regimens than when they do not, highlighting the importance of following published treatment criteria.

Combination treatment with a novel CXCR4 inhibitor and axitinib resulted in an encouraging overall response rate and disease control rate in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, according to the results from phase I of a phase I/II trial.

In this interview we discuss the STOPCaP trial, a meta-analysis that looked at optimal systemic therapy options for men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma who do not undergo definitive therapy have poorer outcomes than those who do, according to a new study.

Cabozantinib reduced the risk for disease progression or death by 52% compared with sunitinib in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma, according to updated results from the CABOSUN trial.

This video highlights potentially practice-changing studies on genitourinary cancers presented at the 2017 ASTRO Annual Meeting.

Treatment with pazopanib 600 mg had no benefit over placebo for patients who had undergone nephrectomy for localized or locally advanced renal cell carcinoma.

The presence of more comorbidities had an effect on all-cause mortality, but not prostate cancer-specific mortality, in a large cohort study of men with prostate cancer.

TRC105, a monoclonal antibody against endoglin, failed to improve progression-free survival when added to bevacizumab compared with bevacizumab alone in patients with refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

The combination of ramucirumab and docetaxel prolonged progression-free survival over chemotherapy alone in patients with platinum-refractory advanced urothelial carcinoma, the first time in this setting that a regimen has improved outcomes over chemotherapy.

The advantage with pembrolizumab has continued to improve, offering significantly better overall survival than chemotherapy in patients with recurrent, advanced urothelial carcinoma, according to the mature results of a phase III trial.

More than half of patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with a combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab responded to treatment at week 24, according to interim results of a phase I/II study presented at the 2017 ESMO Congress.

The first head-to-head comparison of docetaxel and abiraterone acetate for high-risk prostate cancer patients starting long-term hormone therapy found benefit with both treatments when added to ADT. Treatment decisions may come down to specific toxicities, which differ between the treatments.

An analysis that corrected for differences in implementation found that the two main trials of prostate cancer screening in Europe and the United States both show a reduction in prostate cancer mortality with screening.