Jarushka Naidoo, MBBCh

While the incidence of irAEs is relatively low, the absolute number of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors is steadily increasing. Thus, it is likely that, with time, larger numbers of patients will develop irAEs, including pneumonitis.

This review describes the anatomy of the blood-brain barrier and currently available methods to quantify the entry of therapeutic compounds into the brain. It also summarizes data from a variety of approaches designed to improve drug delivery to the central nervous system.