Cervical Cancer

Declines in cervical cancer incidence and mortality reported in the United States since the 1950s have been attributed to early detection and treatment of precancerous and cancerous lesions through the use of the Pap test. More than 50 million

WASHINGTON-A new analysis of data from the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) shows that among women who received their first NBCCEDP Pap test between 1991 and 1998, American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) women had the highest proportion of abnormal Pap tests, while white women had the highest rate of serious cervical lesions detected by biopsy.

Congress finally passed a bill (H.R. 4386/S. 662) that allows states to provide medical treatment for women with breast and cervical cancer. At their option (there is no requirement), states can treat women who have tested positive in a screening

WASHINGTON-President Clinton has signed the Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention and Treatment Act of 2000 into law. The Act provides $990 million over 10 years to expand the treatment options for uninsured, low-income women diagnosed with breast or cervical cancer in a nationwide program run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Although the causes and natural histories of breast and cervical cancer are different, the public health responses to these diseases have been similar. Early detection of breast cancer and primary prevention of cervical cancer are possible through community-based screening programs; however, early detection of both breast and cervical cancer is less common among low-income women (defined as up to 250% of poverty level, depending on family size). This report presents morbidity and mortality data regarding breast and cervical cancer, screening recommendations, an update on the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), and recommended priority activities for the NBCCEDP. The NBCCEDP is a major public health effort to increase breast and cervical cancer screening among uninsured, low-income women.

WASHINGTON-More than 2.5 million mammograms and Papanicolaou tests were provided to women in the first 9 years of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The total includes 1,157,207 mammograms and 1,353,684 Pap tests administered from 1991 through September 1999.

The premise that early diagnosis of certain types of malignancies improves outcome and survival is a cornerstone of modern medicine. Routine use of the Pap smear has been associated with reduced mortality from cervical cancer. Randomized trials

Politics may have a little something to do with nearing congressional passage of a bill (S. 662/H.R. 1070) that would allow states to provide medical treatment via Medicaid for low-income women who have been diagnosed with breast or cervical cancer through the CDC’s National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program. In the decade that the program has existed, about 1 to 1.5 million women have been screened, with 6,000 cases of breast cancer and 500 of cervical cancer being found. But once diagnosed, these women, whose incomes are too high for Medicaid and who do not have personal health insurance, have to search for “donated” medical care. The Senate bill, originally sponsored by now-deceased Sen. John Chafee, passed the Senate Finance Committee at the end of June. It now goes to the floor, where passage seems assured. The House bill, which passed in May, is sponsored by Rep. Rick Lazio (R-NY), now knee-deep in a high-profile New York Senate race with Hillary Clinton. House Republicans are eager to give Lazio something to talk about. The cost of the measure will be about $50 million a year to the federal government, which contributes about $3 for each $1 that states contribute to the Medicaid pot. Nonetheless, the Senate Finance Committee was concerned enough about a potential precedent to include in its report a sentence saying that this benefit “shall not be viewed as a precedent for extending Medicaid eligibility body-part by body-part.”

NEW YORK-A randomized trial enrolling 150,000 women and funded by the US National Cancer Institute is underway in India to screen for breast and cervical cancer using simple methods.

Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer comprise a significant proportion of the total population with cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries. The inability to control pelvic tumors is still a significant

Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer comprise a significant proportion of the total population with cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries. The inability to control pelvic tumors is still a significant

SAN DIEGO-AIDS experts have long worried that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection might increase a woman’s risk of cervical cancer, particularly in the presence of concurrent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Each year close to 600,000 women undergo a hysterectomy in the United States.[1] Although the number of these

SAN DIEGO-Black women with cancer have generally worse outcomes than white cancer patients, and some cancer experts suspect underlying differ-ences in cancer susceptibility or progression. US military medical researchers suggest that, at least for cervical cancer, they are looking in the wrong place.

WASHINGTON-President Clinton has proposed spending $220 million over 5 years to pay for the treatment of women diagnosed in the federally supported National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program.

At the recent annual meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists (SGO), researchers announced findings suggesting that the putative tumor-suppressor gene-the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene-may be central to the development of

Cervical cancer has a high incidence and is a rapidly progressive illness among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women. This cancer has received increasing attention since 1993 following its addition to the list of AIDS-defining illnesses monitored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).[1] With increased heterosexual transmission of HIV and frequent co-infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV),[1] invasive cervical cancers will appear more often among HIV-infected women.

The Gynecologic Cancer Foundation, along with the American Hospital Association, has declared September 1999 the first annual Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Month. Each year, 82,000 women in the United States (ie, 1 in every 25 women) are

The 14 reports in this special supplement discuss theuse of the cytoprotectant amifostine in patients withcancer of the head and neck, esophagus, lung, andcervix, as well as those with lymphoma and acutemyelogenous leukemia. Discussions focus on thepotential of this agent to both reduce radiation sideeffects such as xerostomia and permit doseescalation of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.Improvements in treatment outcome and quality oflife as a result of cytoprotection are examined.

Standard radiation therapy for patients with latestage cervical cancer (stage IIIB) should be adjusted so that each patient receives moderate doses of external-beam radiation therapy plus radioactive implants, according to a study led by Dr. Mark

SAN FRANCISCO-A single-visit cervical cancer screening program conducted before and after church services may help extend the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment to underserved populations, according to research presented at the 30th annual meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists.

SAN FRANCISCO-The Pap smear has long been one of the great success stories of gynecologic oncology. In the 50 years it has been used, it has reduced the death rate from cervical cancer by 70%.

One of the cornerstones of gynecologic cancer surgery is the assessment and removal of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Numerous reports have demonstrated that, when performed by highly skilled individuals, laparoscopic

SAN FRANCISCO-A major intergroup phase III study reported at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists has shown that adding chemotherapy to radiation therapy improves the overall survival rate for women with high-risk early-stage cervical cancer. William A. Peters III, MD, of the Puget Sound Oncology Consortium, Seattle, reported the results on behalf of researchers from the Southwest Oncology Group, Gynecologic Oncology Group, and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.

States would be allowed the option to provide Medicaid coverage for women with breast and cervical cancer through the

BETHESDA, Md-The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has recommended that oncologists use a combination of chemotherapy and radiation instead of radiation alone to treat invasive cervical cancer.

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) recently sent a clinical announcement to thousands of physicians stating that strong consideration should be given to adding chemotherapy to radiation therapy in the treatment of invasive cervical cancer.

Due to the psychosexual consequences and significant morbidity associated with the standard radical vulvectomy procedure, there has been a trend toward vulvar conservation in the management of women with vulvar cancer.

BETHESDA, Md-Buoyed by early findings from a phase I trial, researchers at the National Cancer Institute plan to launch an efficacy trial of an NCI-developed vaccine against human papillo-mavirus-16 (HPV-16), a leading cause of cervical cancer. The study will involve 6,000 women.

Although overall death rates from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are declining rapidly, the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in women continues to climb, and HIV-associated gynecologic disease is also likely toincrease over the next decade. In this paper on lower genital tract neoplasia in women with HIV infection, Abercrombie and Korn review some of the many studies documenting the increased incidence of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-asso-ciated disease in this population. The clinical importance of these studies is underscored by recent data from New York City, where the incidence of invasive cervical cancer increased significantly from 1990 to 1995 in HIV-positive women, compared to the general popu-lation of 25- to 49-year-old women.[1]